How long you should soak wood chips for smoking is largely dictated by their size. For best results, wood chips should be left to soak in water for at least 5-30 minutes. As for other soaking fluids, I recommend you soak your wood chips for around one hour to guarantee they absorb enough of the liquid’s flavor.
As a pitmaster, I have come to embrace soaking my wood chips in light beer before smoking my favorite steak, tri-tip. With consistent success perfected over the years, I thought it would be an awesome idea to share my technique.
In this article, I will go into why you should soak your wood chips and how to go about it. I will also tell you other liquid alternatives to soak your wood chips in and answer some of your most pressing questions on soaking wood chips. Join me:
How long you should soak your wood chips varies depending on the type of smoker you are using. See how long to soak wood chips for the following smokers:
Most electric and propane smokers feature a wood chip tray to hold your soaked chips. If you are using either of these smokers, soak your wood chips for a maximum of 30 minutes for the best results.
Soaking the wood chips is as easy as placing them in a bowl filled up to three-quarters with water. After that, leave them undisturbed for the appropriate amount of time to absorb a good amount of moisture.
After soaking, drain any excess water. Voila! your soaked chips are ready for the smoker.
There are many charcoal and offset smoker models on the market. Some of them feature a dedicated smoker box for your wood chips while other models do not.
If yours comes with a smoker box, start by soaking your wood chips in water for a maximum of 30 minutes or up to 1 hour for other soaking liquids. Next, drain the excess soaking fluid and drop your water-soaked wood chips inside the smoker box.
Spread out your wood chips to cover the bottom of the box to expose as many wood chips to the burner beneath it. Keep the lid of the box and grill closed until your wood starts smoldering. Easy peasy!
If your charcoal grill is not fitted with a smoker box, you will have to place the wood chips directly on top of the charcoal. In this case, I recommend you do not soak wood chips because you would be adding them on top of hot coals. This will definitely choke the fire and put it out.
Alternatively, you could invest in a smoker box. I recommend one made out of stainless steel smoker box that has many perforations. Stainless steel will stand up well to high grilling temperatures while the holes ensure an even distribution of smoke throughout the cooking chamber. I use Char-Broil Smoker Box. It comes cheap and gets the job done.
Below are several reasons why pitmasters soak their wood chips:
Dry wood chips burn a lot faster compared to soaked chips. Unsoaked wood can yield a very thick smoke that can easily overwhelm the flavor of the meat.
This is the number one reason most pitmasters will opt to soak wood chips. Soaked chips yield a steady, thin, blue smoke and save you a lot of wood.
Another reason we soak wood chips is to keep the wood chips from catching fire. Soaked chips are hard to light because of the moisture content. As the water evaporates from the chips, it creates steam that helps to regulate the temperature and prevent the wood chips from catching fire.
It also introduces additional moisture into the cooking chamber. The moisture in the wood chips will turn into steam, which in turn keeps the meat moist and tender.
Note: This is especially useful in plank grilling. Plank grilling involves grilling meat laid directly on top of a wood plank which is in turn placed directly over an open flame. It goes without saying that the plank will burn which is why it is absolutely necessary to soak the grilling plank.
Soaking wood chips also infuses flavor into the meat. As the wood chips burn, they release aromatic smoke that imparts the meat with a rich, smoky flavor.
It’s important to note that while soaking wood chips is a common practice, it’s not always necessary. Some grillers prefer to use dry wood chips, as they believe it produces a stronger smoke flavor.
They will instead use a perforated aluminum foil pouch to hold their wood. Ultimately, the decision to soak your wood chips or not soak your wood chips comes down to personal preference.
When it comes to smoke, you can get either thick white smoke or thin blue smoke. White smoke indicates the presence of liquid, solid, and gas particles that have been left unburnt during combustion.
Little exposure to white smoke may not ruin your meat but if you let your meat cook fully in this white smoke it will become acrid and leave a bitter aftertaste.
Thin blue smoke on the other hand is the holy grail of smoking meats. It’s a sign of good combustion and the perfect temperature for cooking low and slow.
As the name suggests it is a clear, bluish smoke that rises from the grill, and it’s what you want to see when you’re smoking meat on your gas grill. Getting and maintaining a thin blue smoke comes down to a using clean grill and temperature control. Here’s how you get there:
At this point, you are working with light smoke that can easily penetrate the meat fibers. But how do you maintain it?
By working the vents to control the cooking temperature. There are two vents, also called dampers: the outlet or exhaust vent at the top of the grill and an inlet vent at the bottom of the grill. The inlet controls the amount of oxygen getting into the grill.
Oxygen is combustion’s best friend so the more oxygen you let into the system, the hotter and faster your fuel burns thus increasing the internal temp. To reduce it, limit the oxygen flowing into the grill. This will slow down the combustion process, reducing the internal temperature of your grill.
For optimum conditions, keep the outlet vent of your smoker at least halfway open throughout the cook to release combustion gases and other particles that will otherwise degrade the quality of your fire.
Temperature control will ensure you maintain your thin blue smoke until all your fuel is burnt. Here are some pointers:
Soaking wood chips is mainly done to slow down the burning rate of the wood which means you don’t have to open the grill to add more wet wood frequently.
Besides that, soaking also helps to impart a hint of flavor to your meat which is why you should consider using other soaking fluids. Common combinations include light beer for beef, chardonnay for fish, and apple juice for pork cuts.
It is important to soak wood chips in alternative soaking fluids for at least an hour to allow the wood chips sufficient time to absorb the flavor.
Feel free to try any wood combinations with what is available in your kitchen. However, it would be ill-advised to soak your wood in any flammable soaking liquid such as whiskey.
The best wood for your recipe depends on the type of meat you are smoking.
Beef stands up to bold woods like mesquite and hickory. These flavors complement the meat without smothering the rich signature taste of beef.
Pork dishes on the other hand pair well with light woods like pecan, oak, and fruitwoods like cherry and applewood. Delicate meats like fish and seafood respond well to fruitwoods like cherry, maple, and apple.
However, these combinations are not set in stone. Sometimes, a mix of different woods is just what your taste buds need. Try pairing strong woods flavors with mild ones. For example, post oak and hickory or mesquite yield finger-licking smoked beef.
Similarly, pecan and cherry marry well in smoked pork cuts. As for fish, try a mix of fruitwoods like apple and cherry. The only limit is your imagination!
If you prefer not doing the mixing yourself, why not purchase wood chips that come pre-blended? Consider Traeger Grills Signature Blend which is a combination of apple, hickory, cherry, mesquite, and pecan.
Below are some tips to keep in mind the next time you soak wood chips:
It’s important to maintain a consistent temperature when smoking meat. Too high of a temperature can quickly burn your wood chips and char the meat, while too low of a temperature can result in undercooked and underflavored meat.
Use a thermometer to monitor the temperature and make adjustments as needed.
Smoker boxes allow the smoke to flow freely and evenly through the food, without the hot wood chips combusting and producing too much smoke.
When do you add your wet wood chips? A good rule of thumb is to add wood chips during the first half of the cooking time, then stop adding them toward the last hour of cooking.
Adding them too early can result in a strong, overpowering smoky flavor while adding them too late will result in underflavored meat.
It’s important to remember that there is such a thing as too much smoke. Over-smoking can result in a bitter, unpleasant cut of meat. Do not put in too many wood chips at a go. Instead, separate the chips into batches and replace them whenever necessary while smoking.
To determine if soaking wood affects the flavor of the meat, run this test and jot down your findings:
To ensure accurate results, use the same brand of wood chips or wood chunks throughout the experiment. This will eliminate any variations in flavor due to differences in the wood.
This involves soaking your wood in three batches to compare the effects of how long you take to soak wood chips. Soak one batch for five minutes, another for 30 mins, and the other for one hour.
By observing how much soaking fluid your chips have absorbed, you can decide how long is ideal to soak your chips. Some people only want a hint of flavor while others will prefer deep-flavored smoked meat.
Maintain a consistent temperature throughout the test. This will ensure that the only variable being tested is the soaking duration of the wood chunks.
To eliminate any bias, conduct a blind taste test with several people. Have them taste the food cooked with the different batches of wood chips without knowing which batch was used for each.
Take notes on the smoke production and flavor of each batch of wood chips. Compare the results to determine if soaking the wood chips for more extended periods resulted in a more intense smoke flavor.
By following these guidelines, you can conduct an unbiased test to determine the effects of soaking wood chips. You can also tell how long is long enough to soak wood chips.
I found that soaking wood chips for any less than 30 minutes in water does not allow enough time for the chips to penetrate the wood. Similarly, soaking in other fluid mediums for less than one hour does not adequately allow the flavor to sip into the wood fibers.
In my opinion, soaking wood chips for over one hour is not necessary. Oversoaking will not necessarily ruin the chips but the fluid will degrade. It will become scummy and uninviting.
Wet wood chips will take around 30-50 minutes to produce smoke.
How long to soak wood chips for smoking depends on the size of the wood chips you are working with. For small wood chips, 4-5 mins will do. Bigger pieces of wood chips will require up to 30 minutes in water.
However, if you plan to soak in a different fluid like apple juice or beer to impart flavor to your meat, allow your chips to soak for one hour. This is because they will not only be absorbing the moisture but also the flavor.
